- Research Name: System of Subjects for Child Growth and Excellence
- Author: Dr. Seyed Javad Hosseini
- Head of Research Group: Mohammad Lesani
- Publication Year : 2018
- Number of Pages: 46
Description:
Human beings and their definition are considered one of the foundational pillars in any worldview. In other words, every worldview, alongside its understanding and definition of the created world and the concept of the Creator, must also present its definition of the concept of human beings. Based on the approach with which we define humans and how we understand them, other social, cultural, political, educational, and other fields are oriented and directed by our approach and definition of the concept of human beings. Various schools of thought have set out to define the concept of human and explain its dimensions. If a worldview believes that humans live only in this world, based on this approach, maximizing profit for humans becomes the goal and benefit is given authenticity. In all economic activities, the direction should be toward maximizing profit and benefit being authentic. If in the educational system we believe that nothing should limit the apparent freedom of a human, then some anti-human behaviors may also take on a legal form. For example, in the school of liberalism, a human is an inherently free creature to the extent that it does not harm the freedom of others. Based on this, in the educational system arising from this school of thought, if childbearing leads to the limitation of the parents’ freedoms, they are permitted to have an abortion. But on the opposite side, in the Islamic school of thought, the perfection of a woman or a man lies in being desirable parents. In fact, if a man deprives himself of fatherhood, or a woman deprives herself of motherhood, because they have stood against their own growth and perfection, they have prevented their own freedom.
Or based on capitalist thought, a human owns all their possessions and is free to use them in any way they want, as long as it does not deprive others of their freedom. But in Islam, it is not like this. In the Islamic economic system, based on the definition given of humans and their talents and capabilities, a Muslim human cannot remain indifferent to the fate of themselves, their family, society, and their co-religionist and fellow human being. Metaphorically speaking, based on the capitalist school, if you own a room full of money, you are free and authorized to set all of it on fire; the only limiting condition is that its smoke does not harm another person and does not cause them trouble. But in the Islamic worldview, if a Muslim human has a room full of money, even though they own it, they are not permitted to set it on fire. Therefore, in an educational system to explain and standardize indicators, we need a correct and precise definition of humans and their capabilities and talents.
.1 Islamic approach
In the Islamic worldview, a human is a two-dimensional creature. This means a human is not only body and matter, but in their existence, they have both spiritual and non-material aspects as well as material and instinctive aspects. From this perspective, in the thought of many contemporary Islamic thinkers such as Imam Khomeini (RA), Allameh Tabatabai (RA), and martyr Motahari (RA), a human is a composite and two-dimensional creature. Both high and innate aspects are institutionalized in them, and instinctive and natural aspects as well. Martyr Motahari (RA) in the book Spiritual Freedom explicitly points out this matter: “Human is a composite creature with various powers and instincts. In human existence, there are thousands of powerful forces. Human has lust, has wrath, has greed, has ambition and covetousness. In contrast, they have intellect, have nature, have moral conscience. From the aspect of meaning, inner self, and spirit, a human may be a free person or may be a slave and servant; that is, a human may be a servant of their own greed, a captive of their own lust, a captive of their own anger, a captive of their own covetousness, and may be free from all of these.